Matching rootstocks and scion combinations in Sunraysia
Abstract
Greater information about the performance of commonly-used and new rootstocks was sought for the Sunraysia region, resulting in a better capacity to match rootstocks and scions.
Summary
Grape growers have recognised that benefits of rootstocks go beyond protection against phylloxera and resistance to nematodes, extending to adaptation to saline and water-scarce conditions as well as compatibility with various varieties in the pursuit of desired grape and wine characteristics.
This comprehensive report deals with a project conducted across a number of seasons using various rootstocks to which were grafted Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon. Rootstocks examined were Ramsey, 1103 Paulsen, 140 Ruggeri, 5BB Kober, 101-14 Millardet, 5C Teleki, Fercal and 116-60 Lider. Among aspects examined were soil conditions, nematode status, graft union success, pruning weights, berry weights, phenological factors and an analysis of grape characteristics (Brix, pH, titratable acidity, color, phenoloics, chloride, sodium, potassium and nitrogen). The work incorporated two trial sites near Robinvale and one at Gol Gol, and laboratory analyses of berry samples. The report lists the best two to three rootstocks for each variety in each of the four seasons of the project (1999/2000 to 2002/2003), with selections based on many factors but in particular the capacity to produce economic yields and the characteristics desired for winemaking. It notes differences in temperatures and patterns of rainfall associated with each season and the possible influences of growing conditions on results. A summary across the four years, however, suggests good performance can come from: 101-14 and 1103 Paulsen when grafted to Shiraz; 101-14, 116-60 and 1103 Paulsen when grafted to Chardonnay; and 5C Teleki, 140 Ruggeri and 101-14 when grafted to Cabernet Sauvignon.
A major outcome for the industry is greater knowledge of what can be expected when different rootstocks and varieties are combined